According to Ahlul Bayt News Agency (ABNA) US-led forces said that they fired by mistake on a group of vehicles that carried women and children.
The strikes took place in Uruzgan province on Sunday.
Interior Ministry Spokesman Zemeri Bashary said Monday he had reports of 27 people killed.
He added there were 42 people in the vehicles, all of them civilians.
The Afghan government and NATO have launched an investigation.
Many Afghan civilians have been killed both by violent militant acts, including bombings and daily fighting, as well as by US military operations in the country.
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