Aisha Yussef Salah, almost 80, said police had taken her for questioning about the activities of her son, who is considered to be a leader of the Ezzedine al-Qassam Brigades, the armed wing of Hamas.
The Israeli army had no comment on the arrest or the release of the mother of Salah Aruri.
She was arrested in a night-time raid by the Israeli army on her West Bank home near the village of Arura, her daughter, Jamila Mohammed Yussef, told AFP.
The Israeli army at the time said it was investigating the report.
Aruri served a 15-year sentence in an Israeli jail before being released in 2007 and arrested again three months later, Palestinian security sources said.
He was released last year on condition that he go into exile and now operates from Hamas' political office in Syria.
Hamas, in a statement issued in Damascus, denounced the arrest and the way in which it was carried out.
"We firmly denounce the raid on Aisha Yussef Salah's home and her arrest and we denounce the savage way in which she was arrested and her home searched," the statement said.
"This savage Zionist act is ... a desperate bid to terrorize Aruri's family."
Hamas urged human rights groups to intervene to secure the woman's release.
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